Manta Ray

With the largest brain to body ratio of any living fish, these gentle giants are under threat.

Manta Ray

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Chordata

Class

Chondrichthyes

Order

Myliobatiformes

Family

Mobulidae

Genus

Mobula


#Description

Large, flat and oddly shaped, these fish are named for their unique appearance, 'Manta' meaning blanket or cloak in Spanish.

Sporting famously long pectoral fins, these iconic creatures can be spotted in numerous regions of the Great Barrier Reef. 

#Habitat and Diet

The mealtime mantra 'Don't play with your food' does not apply to manta rays. Feeding on krill and zooplankton, they are often seen forming long chains and swimming in circles to create a spiral effect, catching food in their wake. Chain feeding is one of the rarer sights on the Reef, captured below on Lady Elliot Island. 

#Intelligence

Along with dolphins, primates, and elephants, Manta Rays have demonstrated high levels of intelligence and long term memory, able to map their environment using sight and smell. Here are some more curious facts about these Reef locals.

Manta Ray

Manta Alfredi - Gary Cranitch

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#Manta Ray facts


1.

They are filter feeders, eating the microscopic zooplankton that drift along in the ocean currents.


2.

Mantas are amongst the largest fish in the ocean with a wing span of up to 7 metres and weighing up to two tonnes.


3.

Despite their size, manta rays are completely harmless to humans.


4.

Manta rays have the largest brain to body weight ratio of any living fish.


5.

Their underside markings are unique to the individual – like a person’s fingerprint.


6.

The word manta is Spanish for ‘blanket’ and it’s easy to see why it got this name!

#Behaviour and Reproduction

Giving birth approximately every 2 years, female mantas usually bear one 'pup'. After 12-13 months of pregnancy, they birth live young who are fully equipped to live independent of their parent. These baby mantas will live up to 50 years in the wild. 

Manta rays are also very particular when it comes to hygiene, making regular stops at Reef 'cleaning stations'. These special spots on the Reef are generally run by smaller wrasse, who clean dead skin and parasites off the bodies of visiting animals. Mantas will patiently wait for an entire hour while these cleaners go to work, often returning to the same location time and time again.

#Threats

Overfishing is the most direct threat to species survival. Their long lifespan and slow reproduction rate means overfished populations are unable to recover properly. Additionally, Poor water quality, sediment run-off, pollution, rising temperatures and a changing climate are just some of the threats adversely affecting their Reef habitat. As this complex ecosystem struggles to cope, Manta Rays are losing their once pristine home.

#IUCN Red List status

The Manta Ray is listed as vulnerable (population trend decreasing) on the International Union for Conservation of Nature’s Red List of Threatened Species.


VU

Vulnerable ↓

Manta Ray

#You can help

Make a donation to protect the vulnerable Manta Ray and its Reef habitat.